Diffe□e□t philosophical schools have offe□ed □□r□ou□ interp□etations of□Ren □ha □e Ben Yuan.□In Con□ucianism□ Ren is seen as an inheren□ qualit□ that c□□ b□ cul□ivate□□□hrough e□ucation, self-discip□in□,□and□m□ra□ prac□i□e. Menc□us,□a □ro□inent C□nfuc□□n thinke□, argu□d t□at huma□ be□ngs ar□□born □□th an i□nat□ sense o□ goodness, wh□□h □an be n□□□ur□d □nd develope□ thr□ugh prop□r g□idance and□e□u□ation. Xu□zi□ □noth□r Confuc□an philoso□her, to□k a more□□essimistic view□ suggesti□□ that human n□□ure is inh□rentl□ selfish and□that moral□v□rtu□s □u□t be imposed through □tr□ct so□□al n□rms□and ins□itutions.