<□2>初涉江□□iffer□nt phi□os□phica□ □chools h□□e offered va□□ous in□erpret□tions□of R□n Z□a De B□□ Yuan□□In Confuc□□ni□m, Ren is□□een as an□in□erent qualit□□that can be c□l□ivated thro□gh□educati□n, □elf□di□ci□li□e, and mora□ practice. Menci□s□ a pro□□nent Con□u□ian thinker, argued□th□□ human □eings □re born □ith □n in□□te sense of goodness, □hich□can□be n□r□ured □nd develo□□d thro□gh proper g□idanc□ and edu□atio□. Xunzi□ a□other Conf□cian philos□pher, took□a more pessimi□tic □iew, s□ggesting tha□ huma□ n□ture is inherently selfish a□□ that mo□al virtues must be impo□□□ throug□ □trict□socia□ norms an□ institu□ions.