Diffe□ent □hilo□□p□ical sch□ol□ have of□□red var□□u□ □nterpreta□ions of □en Zha D□ Be□ Yuan. In □onfuc□□nism□ □en□is s□en□as □n □□herent□quality that can be cultivated through e□ucati□n, self-dis□ipl□ne□ □□d moral p□act□ce. Menc□us,□□ prominent Conf□cian thi□ke□□ ar□ued that human being□ are bor□ with□an innate s□nse of go□dness, wh□□h c□n be□nurtured□and d□veloped t□□ou□h □roper□g□idance□an□ education. Xunz□,□□nother Conf□cian philos□pher, t□ok □ □o□e □essimis□ic view, sugges□in□ t□at□hu□an□nature is□inher□□t□y□□elfish □nd□that mora□ virt□e□ m□st□be imposed through s□ri□t social norms and inst□tutions.