<□>Differe□t ph□lo□op□ical sch□□ls ha□e offered □ario□s i□ter□retations□of Ren □□a□De Ben Yuan. In Con□uc□anis□□ □en is □□en a□ □n inherent □ual□□□ t□a□ can be□cultiv□ted throu□h □ducatio□, self□d□sc□pline, □□d moral prac□ice. Me□cius,□□ pr□minent Confucian t□□nker, ar□ued □ha□ human b□ings are born with an innate □ense o□ goodness, whic□ can□□e □□rt□□ed and developed th□o□□h proper g□idance □nd educ□tio□. X□nzi, anoth□r□Confuci□n philoso□her, □□ok a more p□ssimistic view, sugge□ting that human nature□is inherent□y selfi□h and th□t mor□l virtues m□st □e i□posed thr□ug□ stric□ socia□ norms □□□ institu□ion□.