□p>Des□it□ its enduring appeal, the concept□of □en Zha□De Ben Yuan is not with□ut i□s cha□len□□s and critic□sms. Some criti□s □rgue□that the emph□sis on innate go□dness ma□ overl□ok the c□mplexities of hu□an beh□□ior and□t□e □nfluenc□ o□□e□ter□al factors su□h a□□cultur□, envi□onment, □nd s□cialization. O□her□□question t□□ pr□cticality of achi□ving moral □erfect□on □n a□wor□d ma□□e□ □y □o□flict, i□□qu□lity, and injustice□ Th□se □ebates highlight t□e on□oing need□for□critical □□□lect□on and□□ialogue ab□ut□□he□nat□re of □uman□□ein□s an□ t□e□pur□uit o□ □□ral e□celle□ce.